Abstract:
The international conventions and national constitutions-and before that the Islamic shariah- provided for political rights and provided guarantees of their exercise, and they guaranteed all rights to all human beings. However, they laid down controls for their exercise, such as the requirement of states to exercise these rights, the requirement of nationality, age and gender. But the Islamic Shari'a, refused the assumption of women's to general mandate "presidency", requiring condition of masculinity, taking into account individual differences between the sexes, while international conventions, and national constitutions, deviated from the origin established in previous centuries. The international charters and national constitutions approved the right of citizens to vote, to stand for election, to form and join parties and unions, and to exercise these rights without prejudice to the rights of others. Disturbing public order. But the authorities have made the protection a and other means of violating the constitution and violating the rights of citizens, thereby violating international conventions and national laws, as this is reflected in Amnesty International's reports in individual and collective reports. The study concluded with findings and recommendations, that the Chadian constitutional legislator granted citizens the right to exercise their political rights, including the formation of political and non-political entities. The researcher also recommends political parties and unions to educate citizens about their political constitutional rights, because legislator gave them these rights.
