أثر المناخ على الإنتاج الزراعي في الصومال: دراسة في المناخ التطبيقي

Abstract

Abstract

This study examines the impact of climate on agricultural products in Somalia. The study examines main climatic elements that influence agriculture and determine agricultural products somalia . Descriptive analytical method is adopted to describe climate impact on agricultural activity and analyse the nature of climate phenomenon. Historical method used for reviewing history of agricultural development in Somalia and statistical methods are used for conducting agro climatic applications The study comprises seven chapters. The first one involves research preliminaries such as: Research, problem, importance of study, objectives, hypotheses, questions, methodology, tools, scope and limitations of study, Chapter two is a pathetical frame containing concepts of development and agricultural product, climatology and climatic elements that impact on agriculture and relationship between climate and agriculture. Chapter three is about Somalia physical geography, astronomy, geographical location, and structure, topography, climate, soil, and water resources. Chapter four sketches impact of climate on agricultural product, agricultural, patterns and impact of climate on crops and forest resources in Somalia. Chapter five examines impact of climate on livestock in Somalia including, animal product pattern. And animal product project and obstacles facing livestock production. Chapter six examines future of agricultural development, and the probable problems facing agricultural development in Somalia, and the future of agricultural development in the light of prevailing climatic conditions. Finally, the conclusion comprises significant findings together with recommendations, suggestions, bibliography and appendixes. The importance of the study exemplified in examining, the impact of climate on agricultural development in Somalia in both plant and animal sectors, this topic has not been studies before except for scanty information despite the fact that agriculture is important as it can achieve food security to whole population therefore in this study may serve in this respect. The most important findings of the study are as follows: 1- The most important factors that affect natural water resources exemplified in geographical location, previewing climatic patterns, and types of terrain in different parts of Somalia. 2- climate elements exemplified in temperature, wind, humidity and evaporation have positive and negative effects on growth of agricultural crops. 3- Lack of sugar cane plantation in many parts of Somalia may be traced to climatic elements. 4- The study concluded that the availability of water resources in Somalia. varies in terms of quantity from one region to another in accordance with geographical location and factors affecting these resources. 5- There are natural and man-made problems that affect agriculture in Somalia. Some are related to soil salinity, soil erosion and migration of lab our force.