الصراع المذهبي وأثره على الاستقرار السياسي في منطقة الشرق الأوسط

Abstract

majority and there is a Sunni minority ruling. The study aimed to address the roots of the sectarian conflict in the Middle East, also to addressing the Iranian and Saudi role in the sectarian conflict and the stability in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The problem of the study was appeared on the phenomenon of sectarian conflicts in the Middle East is driven by large regional powers (Saudi Arabia and Iran), which has led to stirring sectarian strife within countries. The study proceeded from the hypothesis of the location of Bahrain between two large poles, each representing a different sectarian reference (Sunni, Shiite) led to sectarian conflict between Sunnis and Shiites in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The researcher used the historical method of the phenomenon of sectarian conflicts and the descriptive approach and the method of analysis of regional systems with the use of approaching the role to analyze the roles of Saudi Arabia and Iran in the sectarian conflict. The researcher concluded that Saudi Arabia and Iran had a great impact in fueling the sectarian strife in the Kingdom of Bahrain. This conflict showed a great impact on political, economic and social stability in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The study recommended the need to activate the method of managing pluralism sectarianism, which is based on the promotion of citizenship and address all forms of political, economic, cultural and religious excellence.