أثر البترول في إحداث تنمية اقتصادية في تشاد الفترة من (2004-2014م)

Abstract

The study dealt with the effect of oil on economic development in Chad from 2004-2014. The problem was how oil revenues were used to generate economic development in Chad. It aimed to determine the impact of oil revenues on Chad's economic development, the most recent economic changes that occurred after its extraction, and the impact of its revenues on production areas. The researcher relied on several hypotheses, the most important of which was oil extraction to increase GDP growth rates, oil contributed to the development of other economic sectors, oil revenues improved the balance of payments, oil contributed to the improvement of macroeconomic and social indicators. According to the nature of the subject, the researcher followed both the historical and descriptive analytical approach with a case study. The researcher obtains the research information from the primary sources of personal interviews, observations, field visits, as well as secondary sources of books, research, periodicals, and scientific journals. The research reached a number of results, most notably thanks to the extraction of oil to American companies, a visit by the former Chadian President Ingarta Tomblbay in 1969. The period of actual investment in the petroleum sector entered into at 1994 after the World Bank accepted the financing of the 1070-km Chad-Cameroon pipeline. The financing of the oil extraction project required the Chadian government to develop specific sectors called priority sectors. Since the entry of oil revenues to the Treasury State the government has developed a number of development plans aimed in reducing poverty and developing the rural world. Administrative corruption and nepotism have had a major impact on the failure of the programs of the strategic development plans that have been funded by oil revenues. Through the findings of the researcher recommends the need to review the previous strategic plans that were developed for development and identify the strengths and weaknesses in them. The establishment of an independent committee with high competencies that followed up the disbursement of funds allocated to different economic sectors. The qualifying national cadres in the oil industry should replace foreign workers. There is a need to establish a judicial system that publicly accounts for those who misuse public funds. To qualify national companies operating in the field of extracting Chadian oil to replace foreign companies, by increasing their share in the extraction process and to allow exploration in the undiscovered areas.