أثر الديون الخارجية على ميزان المدفوعات دراسة حالة السودان 2005 – 2015م

Abstract

The developing countries had withessed different kinds of experiwent from foreigh loans since they gained their independence, specially in the sixtie and the periods which followed the frist , second and third petroleum crisis. Specially in the period of which the international exchange terme faced a setback. There fore these countries, including sudan, had influenced by this problems which resulted in the compiling .of the exterior debt, and making it a lasting problem that effect the growth , and it also effected .negatively on the implementations of the local materials of a country and the exacerbation of the exterior scale situation . the problem of the exterior debt had aggravated since the developing countries gained their political independence. Then the Sudanese economy inherited problems in the interior framework and the country was in need for the foreign materials because there were no additional interior supplies, in the contrary , those countries did not follow the right methods to implement and direct this materials this research aims to figure out the reasons that lod to the crisis exposed of the interior debt , and to analyze the impact of the payment budget that occurred because of the reflection and the aggravation of the exterior debts. The increasing of the international interest of the exterior debts and in became one of crucial issues that needs an urgent solution. The historical, descriptive and analytical methods has been used in this research. The research consists of three chapters . the first chapter containg of the theoretical framework of the exterior dedts . the second chapter includes the concept of payment, budget. The third chapter however, doscribes the impact of the exterior debts in the payment budgets and the study of sudan situation during the phase of 2005-2015 . the outcome is summarized on how the exterior debts effects heyatively on the payment budgets in the long short terms. In the other hand the developing countries had adopted wrong policies in using loans, so they used the long term loans to fund the importad consumed goods, and the high priced short term loans to fund long term investments. So there are much many interior and exterior factors that contributed to aggravating the debt crisis. Furthermore, the internal factor lies on the weakness of the exportad outcomes and the shortage of savings. The external factors however lies on the high prices of utiliy that based on the incompetence of exchange. The study recommends that of eliminate the lasting deficit of the payment budget, the country must implement financial policies which aimto increase the growth of imports rather than the exports, and handling the economical deficiency that led to rely on the external loans which resulted on its accumulation.