إدارة وتنظيم التعليم فى الصومال خلال سنوات الحرب الأهلية 1990 – 2000 م

Abstract

This research aimed at studying the administration and system of education in Somalia during the civil war that has affected every thing and left the country completely torn to pieces destroyed people animals and infrastructure , living behind more than one million dead and one and half million refugees . With regard to education more the 90% of the educational institutions were either leveled , burnt or looted such a ministries government sectors , mosques and banks whereby educational process became impossible and all school were out of use . The educational infrastructure were already weak and the whole educational system depended solely on foreign an as this research clearly shows . The war has worthened the situation , and the government prevented the private sector to interfere . The poind of departure has been lost after the war and the Somali social; system was handicapped by the military regeme to the extent that is could not positively work . The way for western aid was thus widely open , and with much difficulty the national educational league was established and a statue was written to quide it’s activities and the dicision was taken to seek help in programmes and books from the Arab world since it was not possible to have Somali books written and published . Any district anthority was entrusted with the support of it’s direct schools and every school is left to manage it’s own administration . The league later opened some follow up offices then more offices for training curriculum and supervision activities were established . The league could finally , manage to hold common examinations spending on topics rather than on courses and programmes . The league was thus credited with the establishment of a national system of education without expensive cost, and could relief parents from any education expenses depending solely on foreign aid which become responsible for education together with it’s responsibility for food and drinks .

The national educational experiment was led by old teacher who worked for the ministry of education before they could transfer their vast experience to the league and succeeded also in the process of Arabicisation of education in Somalia where by the problem of educational Language of instruction was totally solved and educational aims were specified . The league was always telling people that they were handling exceptional problem ( exceptional case ) and what they have done was much better the collapse of education, by the mass migration of students . Several national Universities were established to inroll the student of the public education . The researcher has thus undertaken his study , a questionnaire was administered , interviews were conducted and all relevant literature was examined . Finally the research has come out with findings , recommendation , and suggestions for further studies clearly stated in the last chapter . Some the findings were :- 1. the league of regular of regular national Education was able to found an alternative to the correct Education before the collapse of the government . 2. That system of Education was based on a new Educational plan . 3. The national Educational Education has succeeded in the Arabicization of Education thus unifying the language of instruction from the primary level of the university level . 4. now it could be observed that Somalia has really join the Arab world as an Arabic speaking country and a member in the Arab league . 5. Arabic culture has also become one the main component of the Somalia culture .