أثر التعليم علي التغير الاجتماعي وسط الهامش الحضري بولاية الخرطوم : دراسة حالة لمنطقة مايو جنوب الخرطوم

Abstract

This study examined and analyzed the nature and characteristics of marginal societies that arise in the outskirts of cities and urban centers. The study sought to answer the question "To what extent can education be influential in the social change required in marginal societies”. The researcher used a descriptive analytical method, inductive method and a case study. The applied study was implemented to “Mayo area” - South of Khartoum which is characterized by existence of slums. The research is divided into three chapters and six sections, in addition to the methodological introduction. A random sample of the study population representing “Mayo” population was used, and interviews were conducted with local authorities in the area. The most important results are as follows: • The most important features of widespread marginalized urban is the widespread phenomenon of slums, lack of adequate services, increasing poverty and illiteracy, crime, homelessness, begging, school dropout, child labor, family disintegration, environmental degradation and pollution. • The study showed that the percentage of illiteracy and non-completion of study is relatively high compared to urban centers, due to economic, social, cultural and environmental factors, as well as lack of adequate interest of competent authorities in developing the education sector in general. • Displaced persons in Khartoum state suffer from poverty due to the spread of illiteracy, lack of proper education and low income. • The research has shown that there is a correlation between education and social change in the urban margin. Education provides opportunities for employment, provides stable income and access to other services and social benefits, and promotes public participation. • Education minimizes the resulting negative phenomena such as divorce, family disintegration, child labor, homelessness, begging, drug and alcohol abuse, and crime. • There is a positive impact of education on local, marginalized and random communities. • The research recommends the need to develop the education sector and pay attention to the qualified trained teacher and schools which should be fully equipped. In addition to provision of textbook, appropriate placement, in addition to awareness and guidance programs for the families of the urban margin population, creation of partnerships with the international community, civil society organizations, the private sector and stakeholders, and paying attention to the quality and fairness of education for all. • The study also recommends promotion of interest in vertical and horizontal expanding in the government's education, legalizing private education, increasing vocational training centers, paying attention to industrial and agricultural education, activating the role of parents' councils and caring for sports, cultural and recreational programs and providing services so that school becomes attractive for students. Last but not least, it is important to address the issue of slum housing and encourage the voluntary repatriation of its inhabitants.